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World War Adjusted Compensation Act Collection

 Collection
Identifier: A3111

Scope and Contents

The collection consists of printed items relating to bonus compensation legislation for World War I veterans from private organizations, states, and the Government Printing Office. The materials date from 1919 to 1935 and are arranged chronologically.

There is a booklet from the State of Minnesota which provides a synopsis of the act passed in September 1919, and where applications for the benefit could be obtained (2 copies). The State of Missouri passed its benefits bill in 1922. There is a blank Missouri soldiers’ bonus application for the relatives and/or widows of deceased soldiers and two blank filing cards presumably used to record the bonus applications.

There are two Government publications in the collection. The Government Printing Office printed Soldiers’ Adjusted Compensation: Hearings before the Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives, Additional Statements and Addenda, Part 12, 1920. The second Government document in the collection is a four-page pamphlet from the U.S. Veterans Bureau, Adjusted Compensation for Veterans of the World War: Explanation Concerning the Provisions of the World War Adjusted Compensation Act, Information for Veterans and their Dependents, 1924.

The remainder of the collection is comprised of publications from various interested individuals and organizations both opposed to, and in support of, the soldiers’ bonus. There is small pamphlet, The Bonus by William Kimberley Palmer (1856-1938), supporting the soldiers’ bonus dedicated to Constantine Veniopoulos Nestor who died at Argonne on October 17, 1918. Publications opposed to the bonus include: Militant American journalism : the fight of the New York Herald against the $5,000,000,000 Bonus Raid by Ervin Wardman, 1922; The Soldiers’ Bonus or Adjusted Compensation for Soldiers: Special Reports Number 24 by the National Industrial Conference Board, 1923; two 1933 pamphlets from The National Economy League entitled Facts about the Bonus and What We Will Pay Veterans this Year; and a pamphlet from the American Liberty League in February 1935, The Bonus: An Endorsement of the Position Taken by President Roosevelt in His Letter of December 27, 1934, and an Analysis of Proposals for Pre-payment of the World War Adjusted Compensation Certificates.

Dates

  • 1919-1935

Creator

Conditions Governing Access

The collection is open for research use.

Conditions Governing Use

For permission to publish, quote from, or reproduce material in this collection, please contact the Archives Reference Desk at archives@mohistory.org. Copyright restrictions may apply. The researcher assumes full responsibility for conforming to the laws of copyright.

Historical Sketch

The World War Adjusted Compensation Act of 1924, or the Bonus Act, was a United States federal law passed on May 19, 1924, that granted a benefit to veterans of American military service in World War I. It promised veterans compensation for wages lost during their World War I service. However, payments were not going to be issued until 1945. Discussions about veteran compensation legislation began in 1918. With the onset of the Great Depression in 1929, veterans and their families were among citizens afflicted by long-term unemployment. In 1932, thousands of veterans traveled to Washington D.C. hoping to convince the Government to grant immediate payments. The demonstrators were called the Bonus Army and numbers eventually reached 20,000. They set up camps in vacant buildings and along the Anacostia River. The House of Representatives passed a bill granting the payments in June 1932, but the Senate did not pass the measure. Frustrated veterans refused to leave their encampments and fought with the police until President Hoover ordered the Army to forcibly remove them on July 28, 1932.

Individual states also took up the issue of bonus compensation for soldiers. In 1922, Missouri created a Soldiers’ Bonus Commission to oversee the payment of $15 million to veterans of World War I. Each qualifying applicant was eligible to receive $10 per month for each month of military service, up to a maximum of twenty-five months for a total of $250. The State of Minnesota passed an act in September 1919 to pay bonuses to its veterans.

Extent

0.04 Cubic Feet ( (1 folder))

Language of Materials

English

Arrangement

The collection is arranged chronologically.

Physical and Technical Requirements

There are no physical or technical restrictions.

Donor Information

The collection was donated by the St. Louis Public Library in 2019 (accession number 2019-016).

Processing Information

Processed with funding from The Stuart Foundation, Inc. by Kristina Perez, 2020.

Title
Inventory of World War Adjusted Compensation Act Collection
Status
Completed
Author
EAD by Kristina Perez using ArchivesSpace
Date
2020
Description rules
Describing Archives: A Content Standard
Language of description
English
Script of description
Latin
Language of description note
English

Repository Details

Part of the Missouri Historical Society Library and Research Center Repository

Contact:
225 S. Skinker Blvd.
St. Louis MO 63105 United States
314-746-4510